180 lines
7.9 KiB
Plaintext
180 lines
7.9 KiB
Plaintext
LDAP Migration Tools
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The MigrationTools are a set of Perl scripts for migrating users, groups,
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aliases, hosts, netgroups, networks, protocols, RPCs, and services from
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existing nameservices (flat files, NIS, and NetInfo) to LDAP. They are
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located on a default installation under /usr/share/openldap/migration.
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The tools require the ldapadd and ldif2dbm commands, which are distributed
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with most LDAP servers derived from the University of Michigan LDAP
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distribution. The source code for these is available with OpenLDAP.
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Additionally, Netscape provide an implementation of ldapmodify which
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subsumes the functionality of ldapadd. If you are using Netscape's Directory
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Server, you should set the $NSHOME and $serverId environment variables to
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assist the MigrationTools in locating your LDAP database and LDIF tools;
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they will use ldapmodify instead of ldapadd.
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These tools are freely redistributable according to the license included
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with the source files. They may be bundled with LDAP/NIS migration products.
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See RFC 2307 for more information on the schema used by these scripts. THIS
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SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY AND WITHOUT
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SUPPORT.
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Scripts
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* migrate_base.pl creates naming context entries, including
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subordinate contexts such as ou=people and ou=devices.
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* migrate_aliases.pl migrates aliases in /etc/aliases to entries
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conforming to the rfc822MailGroup schema. Organizations who have
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deployed LDAP-based messaging solutions, such as Netscape's
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Messaging Server, may wish to use a different schema for
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representing mail aliases. Ypldapd does not use X.500 groups (such
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as groupOfUniqueNames) for mail alias expansion because
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flattening an arbitrarily nested group at runtime may be
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expensive. (It is possible to write a ypldapd plug-in to support
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such a schema, however.)
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* migrate_group.pl migrates groups in /etc/group
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* migrate_hosts.pl migrates hosts in /etc/hosts
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* migrate_networks.pl migrates networks in /etc/networks
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* migrate_passwd.pl migrates users in /etc/passwd. Note that if
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users are allowed read the userPassword attribute, and your LDAP
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server doesn't support authenticating against hashed passwords
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then anyone may read the userPassword attribute's value and
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authenticate as that user. Modern LDAP servers, such as Netscape
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Directory Server, support authenticating against hashed passwords,
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so this is not an issue. The OpenLDAP LDAP server also supports
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such authentication.
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* migrate_protocols.pl migrates protocols in /etc/protocols
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* migrate_services.pl migrates services in /etc/services
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* migrate_netgroup.pl migrates netgroups in /etc/netgroup
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* migrate_netgroup_byuser.pl migrates the netgroup.byuser map. It
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requires revnetgroup.
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* migrate_netgroup_byhost.pl migrates the netgroup.byhost map. It
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requires revnetgroup.
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* migrate_rpc.pl migrates RPCs in /etc/rpc
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Configuration
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The configuration for these Perl scripts is contained at the head of
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migrate_common.ph:
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Perl variable Description
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$DEFAULT_MAIL_DOMAIN The mail domain used for the mail
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attribute in migrate_passwd.pl when
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extended schema support is enabled. You may
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override this with the DEFAULT_MAIL_DOMAIN
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environment variable.
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$DEFAULT_BASE The naming suffix to use in
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entries' distinguished names. If
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undefined, this will be constructed by
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mapping the mail domain name into a
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distinguished name (eg aceindustry.com
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becomes dc=aceindustry,dc=com ). You may
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override this with the LDAP_BASEDN
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environment variable.
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$EXTENDED_SCHEMA Enables extended schema support.
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This adds the organizationalPerson and
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inetOrgPerson object classes, amongst
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others, to users migrated by the
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migrate_passwd.pl script.
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NAMINGCONTEXT Determines the LDAP/X.500 naming context
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to use for a migration tool. The dictionary
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is keyed by tool (as in migrate_ tool .pl ).
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Values are concatenated with $DEFAULT_BASE
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by the & getsuffix() subroutine.
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The following environment variables control the behavior of the
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migration shell scripts:
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Environment variable Description
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DEFAULT_MAIL_DOMAIN See above
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LDAPADD Path the ldapadd executable, for online
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migration (if not in the path or
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/usr/local/bin or /usr/bin)
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LDIF2LDBM Path the ldif2ldbm executable, for offline
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migration (if not in the path or
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/usr/local/bin or /usr/bin)
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PERL Path to the Perl interpreter (if not
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/usr/bin or /usr/local/bin)
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LDAPHOST Your LDAP server, for online
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migration. This is optional; you'll be
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prompted if the environment variable is not
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set.
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LDAP_BASEDN See above ( $DEFAULT_BASE). This is
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optional; you'll be prompted if the
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environment variable is not set.
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LDAP_BINDDN The distinguished name to bind to the
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LDAP server as, for online migration. This
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is optional; you'll be prompted if the
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environment variable is not set.
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LDAP_BINDCRED The password to bind to the LDAP server
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with, for online migration. This is
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optional; you'll be prompted if the
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environment variable is not set.
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You will probably wish to use a shell script or makefile to automate
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population of your LDAP database, either off-lien (with ldif2ldbm) or
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on-line (with ldapadd). The migrate_all_*.sh shell scripts do this, but you
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may wish to customize their behaviour. The following table explains which
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migration scripts to use:
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Shell script Existing nameservice LDAP
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running?
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migrate_all_online.sh /etc flat files Yes
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migrate_all_offline.sh /etc flat files No
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migrate_all_netinfo_online.sh NetInfo Yes
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migrate_all_netinfo_offline.sh NetInfo No
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migrate_all_nis_online.sh NIS/YP Yes
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migrate_all_nis_offline.sh NIS/YP No
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Below are examples of migrate_hosts.pl and migrate_passwd.plbeing used to
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migrate hosts and users, respectively:
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$ migrate_hosts.pl /etc/hosts
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dn: cn=mira.aceindustry.com,ou=devices,dc=aceindustry,dc=com
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objectclass: ipHost
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objectclass: device
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objectclass: top
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ipHostNumber: 10.1.70.5
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cn: mira
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cn: www.aceindustry.com
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cn: mira.aceindustry.com
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$ migrate_passwd.pl /etc/passwd
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dn: cn=Joe Bloggs,ou=people,dc=aceindustry,dc=com
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cn: Joe Bloggs
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objectclass: top
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objectclass: person
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objectclass: organizationalPerson
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objectclass: inetOrgPerson
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objectclass: posixAccount
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objectclass: account
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mail: jbloggs@aceindustry.com
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givenname: Joe
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sn: Bloggs
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uid: jbloggs
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userPassword: {crypt}daCXgaxahRNkg
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loginShell: /bin/csh
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uidNumber: 20
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gidNumber: 20
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homeDirectory: /home/jbloggs
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