Fix remaining bits of u32 vs. pm_message confusion. Should not break
anything.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
USB generic driver
When a USB error occurs that might indicate that the device has been
unplugged, don't resubmit the URB immediately to prevent flooding the
log with error messages before khubd has us disconnect()ed.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Add register_sound_special_device() function to allow assignment of
device pointer to a specific OSS device for HAL.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
USB generic driver
Emagic devices pad their packets not with 0xff bytes but with a 0xff
byte followed by garbage, so we have to stop at the first such byte.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
HDA Intel driver
Fix and clean up for the support of ULI M5461
- set CORB/RIRB sizes explicitly
- add workarounds for ULI on ia32
- max number of streams depends on the chip type now
- increase the size of BDL
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
HDA Codec driver
The insertion of the rate 9600 make a shift in detection of supported
rate, put this rate at the end of the list.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Graziano <nicolas.graziano@wanadoo.fr>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Intel8x0 driver,AC97 Codec
The HP nx6110 laptop needs to have Headphone Jack Sense enabled so
that the internal speakers will be turned off when headphones are
plugged in.
Also ac97_quirk=hp_only is needed to make a single Master volume in
the mixer instead of separate volumes for internal speakers and
headphones, which just confuses the user.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Vlasov <vsu@altlinux.ru>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Digigram VX core,CS4231 driver,ATIIXP driver,VIA82xx driver
VIA82xx-modem driver,au88x0 driver,CS46xx driver,Trident driver
This patch disables SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME flag for drivers which does not
support the full resume.
Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
AC97 Codec
The patch fixes the bus_id conflict error when registering two codecs
of the same type (ALSA bug#1334).
Signed-off-by: Bjorge Dijkstra <bjorge@gmx.net>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
NM256 driver
- Fixed the PCM resume - restoring the rate setting
- Fixed the handling of buggy irqs
- Dynamically acquire/release irq handler to make the driver more robust
to unknown irq storms (as OSS driver does).
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
HDA Intel driver
- removed SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME (the driver cannot do PCM resume at the time)
- fixed chip->pcm_devs initialization
Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
PCM Midlevel
Fixed the handling of boundary in PCM 32bit compat layer.
Positions in hwsync are bound in the 32bit boundary size.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
OPL3SA2 driver
- use different name (opl3sa2-pnpbios) for PnP BIOS driver
- don't print warning when manual config of resources fails (PnP BIOS)
Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
AC97 Codec
Make the patch_wolfson_wm97??_specific() functions static again.
This patch was accidentally reverted in rev. 1.92.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
With the double buffering, we no longer need contiguous memory for the
PCM buffer, so we can use vmalloc() instead of the preallocation
functions, and increase the maximum size to 256 KB.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
Use the USB buffer allocation functions to avoid repeated DMA mappings
of our buffers, which are re-used quite a lot.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
Take the substream lock when reading hwptr_done to avoid a race
condition with the updates in the URB callbacks.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
Change prepare_playback_urb() not to stop preparing packets before a
frame boundary has been reached.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
We always had to use double buffering when capturing, and when playback
data for one URB crosses a buffer boundary. The latter would make hwptr
updates less precise because the double-buffered data is read from the
buffer much earlier than the other data is read by the host controller.
Double-buffering all data allows to update hwptr immediately after the
data was copied to the USB buffer(s), which has the additional benefit
of avoiding the latency imposed by the host controller's delay of up to
one frame when interrupting.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
When preparing capture URBs, we don't need to stop when we cross a
period boundary because we now never handle more than one millisecond of
data per URB anyway.
When handling captured data, use an extra flag to call
snd_pcm_period_elapsed() no more than once. This allows us to move the
period boundary checking code before the copying of the data which
avoids a second locking of the substream's lock.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
OPL3SA2 driver
The driver has been extended to support also PnP BIOS devices.
The detection path is:
1) detect PnP BIOS devices
2) detect ISA PnP devices
Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
VIA82xx driver
Added the DXS entry for MSI K8MM-V.
Also fixed a typo in last patch for Acer Aspire 1524 WLMi.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
USB generic driver
The EHCI driver doesn't interrupt more than once per millisecond, and
organizes all iso transfers with frame-sized ITDs, so we can (try to)
be more efficient by aligning all URBs on frame boundaries.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
The nrpacks module parameter is used only when initializing a playback
stream, so it doesn't hurt to make it writeable.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
When determining how many packets are needed for one period, we cannot
assume that all packets have their maximum size -- we always use the
nominal sample rate when sending data, and could use an even lower rate
when the endpoint uses frequency feedback.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
When capturing audio data, we do not know beforehand how many samples
the device sends per frame, so we have to use URBs that are as short as
possible to make sure that we can handle period boundaries without any
additional latencies.
Furthermore, the total count of URBs submitted doesn't matter when
capturing, so we can just use the maximum number.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Memalloc module,PCM Midlevel,Timer Midlevel,GUS Library,AC97 Codec
ALI5451 driver,RME9652 driver
Make some functions/variables that are used in only one file static.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
PCM Midlevel,ALSA<-OSS emulation,USB USX2Y
This patch removes open_flag from struct _snd_pcm_substream.
All of its uses are substituted by querying struct _snd_pcm_substream's
member ffile instead.
Signed-off-by: Karsten Wiese <annabellesgarden@yahoo.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
YMFPCI driver
Implements mixer controls for the volume of each playback substream of
the main PCM device.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
ARM PXA2XX driver
- change pxa2xx_ac97_do_suspend and pxa2xx_ac97_do_resume to use
the expected arguments
Signed-off-by: Dirk Opfer <dirk@do13.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
AC97 Codec
This patch fixes a problem whereby the WM9713 has modem functionality
incorrectly detected after an AC97 cold reset.
Changes:-
o Cleared AC97_SCAP_MODEM in wm9713 scaps
Signed-off-by: Liam Girdwood <liam.girdwood@wolfsonmicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
ARM PXA2XX driver
This patch extends the period of an AC97 warm reset on the PXA27x from
50uS to 500uS. The shorter reset didn't always guarantee that the codec
would wake up.
Changes:-
o Change pxa27x warm reset period to 500uS
o Removed double semi-colon.
Signed-off-by: Liam Girdwood <liam.girdwood@wolfsonmicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Documentation,AD1816A driver
Added clockfreq module option for the card with a different clock frequency
than 33kHz.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Digigram VX core,ENS1370/1+ driver,CA0106 driver,EMU10K1/EMU10K2 driver
RME HDSP driver,RME9652 driver
For consistency, use the PCM interface instead of MIXER for IEC958
default/mask/stream mixer controls.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
CMI8330 driver,ENS1370/1+ driver,FM801 driver,VIA82xx driver,AC97 Codec
ALI5451 driver,CS46xx driver,EMU10K1/EMU10K2 driver,HDA Codec driver
ICE1712 driver,ICE1724 driver
Where appropriate, use the SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958 instead of a literal
string.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
ALSA Core
This patch adds the __init macro to snd_memory_init().
Signed-off-by: Henrik Kretzschmar <henne@nachtwindheim.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
AC97 Codec,PCI drivers
I've made the review changes and as requested I've pasted the RFC by
Nicolas below:-
'I would like to know what people think of the following patch. It
allows for a codec on an AC97 bus to be shared with other drivers which
are completely unrelated to audio. It registers a new bus type, and
whenever a codec instance is created then a device for it is also
registered with the driver model using that bus type. This allows, for
example, to use the extra features of the UCB1400 like the touchscreen
interface and the additional GPIOs and ADCs available on that chip for
battery monitoring. I have a working UCB1400 touchscreen driver here
that simply registers with the driver model happily working alongside
with audio features using this.'
Changes over RFC:-
o Now matches codec name within codec group.
o Added ac97_dev_release() to stop kernel complaining about no release
method for device.
o Added 'config SND_AC97_BUS' to sound/pci/Kconfig and moved 'config
SND_AC97_CODEC' out with the PCI=n statement.
o module is now called snd-ac97-bus
Signed-off-by: Liam Girdwood <liam.girdwood@wolfsonmicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Documentation,CS46xx driver,EMU10K1/EMU10K2 driver,AD1848 driver
SB16/AWE driver,CMIPCI driver,ENS1370/1+ driver,RME32 driver
RME96 driver,ICE1712 driver,ICE1724 driver,KORG1212 driver
RME HDSP driver,RME9652 driver
This patch changes .iface to SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER whre _PCM or
_HWDEP was used in controls that are not associated with a specific PCM
(sub)stream or hwdep device, and changes some controls that got
inconsitent .iface values due to copy+paste errors. Furthermore, it
makes sure that all control that do use _PCM or _HWDEP use the correct
number in the .device field.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
HDA Codec driver
- Fixed the reordering of surround channels.
Originally reported by Nicolas GRAZIANO <nicolas.graziano@wanadoo.fr>.
- Show the selected ssid when debug option is set.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
AC97 Codec
o Enhanced current WM97xx support to provide additional controls and
use the kcontrol suffix naming convention.
o Added AC97_HAS_NO_MIC, AC97_HAS_NO_TONE and AC97_HAS_NO_STD_PCM.
o Cleaned up WM97xx related comments.
o Removed some wm9713 double mono controls and replaced with stereo
controls.
Signed-off-by: Liam Girdwood <liam.girdwood@wolfsonmicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
ac97_plugin_ad1980 should trigger build of ac97_codec
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@parcelfarce.linux.theplanet.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
a bunch of PCI-only drivers didn't have the right dependency
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@parcelfarce.linux.theplanet.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
removes an extern for a static variable.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@parcelfarce.linux.theplanet.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
fixed kconfig dependencies on ISA_DMA_API for parts of sound/* that rely
on it.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@parcelfarce.linux.theplanet.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Re-order release_region calls in i810_probe to properly unwind preceding
allocations.
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>
We shouldn't be assuming that ppc_md.feature_call will be present.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
HDA Codec driver
- Correct some index variable inversion in patch_cmedia.c
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Graziano <nicolas.graziano@wanadoo.fr>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
USB generic driver
Make the quirk type an enum instead of a #defined integer, and use a
table for the quirk constructor functions instead of a big switch
statement.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
Add support for Miditech Midistart and MidiStudio keyboards (another
case of devices using the standard protocol but having no descriptors).
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
ALSA sequencer
When non-MIDI sequencer events are sent to a RawMIDI port, silently
ignore them instead of returning a confusing error code which may upset
the sequencer and abort the current write() to /dev/snd/seq.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver,USB USX2Y
Description: Fix-up sleeping in sound/usb. Replace big_mdelay() with
msleep() to guarantee the task delays as expected. This also involved
replacing/removing custom sleep functions.
Patch is compile-tested.
Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
PPC AWACS driver,PPC PMAC driver,PPC Tumbler driver
Description: Fix-up sleeping in sound/ppc. Replace big_mdelay() with
msleep() to guarantee the task delays as expected. This also involved
replacing/removing custom sleep functions.
Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
ENS1370/1+ driver,ES1968 driver,Intel8x0 driver,VIA82xx driver
VIA82xx-modem driver,AC97 Codec,ALI5451 driver,CS46xx driver
MIXART driver,RME HDSP driver,Trident driver,YMFPCI driver
Description: Fix-up sleeping in sound/pci. These changes fall under the
following two categories:
1) Replace schedule_timeout() with msleep() to guarantee the
task delays as expected. This also involved replacing/removing
custom sleep functions.
2) Do not assume jiffies will only increment by one if you
request a 1 jiffy sleep, i.e. use time_after/time_before in
while loops.
Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
ALSA Core
This patch corrects a typo in the kerneldocs of snd_info_get_str().
It also splits the expressions of snd_assert() in snd_info_unregister()
into one-expression-per-call for better debugging.
Signed-off-by: Henrik Kretzschmar <henne@nachtwindheim.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
GUS Library
This patch fixes a compiler warning if sequencer is disabled.
Signed-off-by: Henrik Kretzschmar <henne@nachtwindheim.de>
Signed-off-by: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
EMU10K1/EMU10K2 driver
It allows the user to force the snd-emu10k1 module to think the user
has a particular sound card. Useful if their particular sound card
is not yet recognised.
Signed-off-by: James Courtier-Dutton <James@superbug.co.uk>
RME HDSP driver
Added 'Sample Clock Source Locking' control. If this switch is on,
the clock source can't be changed via PCM hw_params API (as sample rate).
This will fix the problem of OSS-emulation, for example.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
HDA Codec driver
Adds support for detecting hp insertion/removal and enable/disable of
lineouts based on unsolicited events.
Signed-off-by: Matt <matt@embeddedalley.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
HDA Intel driver
Patch enables unsolicited responses on the HDA controller. Without
the UREN bit set, the controller will not place unsolicited responses
in a RIRB.
Signed-off-by: Matt <matt@embeddedalley.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
USB generic driver
MOTU builds other USB MIDI interfaces with the same product ID as the
FastLane, so we have to check the bDeviceSubClass field to differentiate
between them.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
Rename the protocol used by the MOTU FastLane to 'raw' because it might
be useful with other devices, and there are other MOTU interfaces that
do not use this protocol.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
This patch enables the boot commands to activate high speed mode (and
associated sample formats like 8 channels with 24 bits at 96 kHz) on the
SB Audigy 2 NX.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Documentation,ARM,/arm/Makefile,ARM PXA2XX driver
Added ARM PXA2xx AC97 driver by Nicolas Pitre
(moved from alsa-driver tree).
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Documentation,SPARC,/sparc/Makefile
Add the DBRI driver on Sparcs by Martin Habets <mhabets@users.sourceforge.net>
(moved from alsa-driver tree).
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Intel8x0 driver,AC97 Codec
Fix resume of intel8x0 driver. The ac97 codec didn't restore some registers
properly, and the restore of ICH4 SPDIF and SDIN settings was missing.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Documentation,PCMCIA Kconfig,Digigram VX Pocket driver
- Fixed Oops with request_firmware()
- Detect the card type in runtime (vxpoocket v2 or 440)
- snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket
- Clean up the code
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
ALSA Core
Both typos were in the kerneldocs.
I splitted the snd_assert() calls in one-expression-per-call for better
debugging.
Signed-off-by: Henrik Kretzschmar <henne@nachtwindheim.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Documentation,HDA Codec driver
- Added a new '6stack' model for ALC880.
- Fixed the typo in 6stack-digout model name.
- Added description for missing models in ALSA-Configuration.txt.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
ATIIXP-modem driver
I didn't actually test whether the modem works, but at least the driver
loads and initializes fine. Please consider inclusion.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
HDA Codec driver
Adds resume support to the SigmaTel HDA patch. Please apply.
Signed-off-by: Matt <matt@embeddedalley.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
USB generic driver
On the SB Audigy 2 NX, capturing with sample rates that are not a
multiple of 48 kHz does not seem to work, so disable it.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
USB generic driver
Add support for endpoints with bInterval > 1, and decoding of the
wMaxPacketSize field of high-speed endpoints.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
`gcc -W' likes to complain if the static keyword is not at the beginning of
the declaration. This patch fixes all remaining occurrences of "inline
static" up with "static inline" in the entire kernel tree (140 occurrences in
47 files).
While making this change I came across a few lines with trailing whitespace
that I also fixed up, I have also added or removed a blank line or two here
and there, but there are no functional changes in the patch.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <juhl-lkml@dif.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
turn many #if $undefined_string into #ifdef $undefined_string to fix some
warnings after -Wno-def was added to global CFLAGS
Signed-off-by: Olaf Hering <olh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
As a follow-up, remove the inclusion of pcmcia/version.h in many files.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Move the "event handler" to struct pcmcia_driver -- the unified event handler
will disappear really soon, but switching it to struct pcmcia_driver in the
meantime allows for better "step-by-step" patches.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Few more u32 vs. pm_message_t fixes.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Just the declaration fix wasn't enough to fix things in bt78x.c
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The dynamic pci id logic has been bothering me for a while, and now that
I started to look into how to move some of this to the driver core, I
thought it was time to clean it all up.
It ends up making the code smaller, and easier to follow, and fixes a
few bugs at the same time (dynamic ids were not being matched
everywhere, and so could be missed on some call paths for new devices,
semaphore not needed to be grabbed when adding a new id and calling the
driver core, etc.)
I also renamed the function pci_match_device() to pci_match_id() as
that's what it really does.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch removes CONFIG_PMAC_PBOOK (PowerBook support). This is now
split into CONFIG_PMAC_MEDIABAY for the actual hotswap bay that some
powerbooks have, CONFIG_PM for power management related code, and just left
out of any CONFIG_* option for some generally useful stuff that can be used
on non-laptops as well.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Use the DMA_32BIT_MASK constant from dma-mapping.h
when calling pci_set_dma_mask() or pci_set_consistent_dma_mask()
See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?t=108001993000001&r=1&w=2 for details
Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@nuerscht.ch>
Signed-off-by: Domen Puncer <domen@coderock.org>
Use the DMA_32BIT_MASK constant from dma-mapping.h when calling
pci_set_dma_mask() or pci_set_consistent_dma_mask() See
http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?t=108001993000001&r=1&w=2 for details
Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@nuerscht.ch>
Signed-off-by: Domen Puncer <domen@coderock.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
